Al-Adab Al-Mufrad by Imam Al-Bukhari - 2009

Imam Al Bukhari memorial complex near Samarkand, Uzbekistan

Цитата:

Muhammad al-Bukhari

Muhammad Ibn Ismail Ibn Ibrahim Ibn al-Mughirah Ibn Bardizbah al-Bukhari (Arabic: محمد بن اسماعيل بن ابراهيم بن المغيرة بن بردزبه البخاري), popularly known as Al-Bukhari (Arabic: البخاري‎) or Imam Bukhari (194/810-256/870), was a famous Sunni Islamic scholar of Tajik ancestry. He was, perhaps, best known for authoring the hadith collection named Sahih Bukhari, a collection which Sunni Muslims regard as the most authentic of all hadith compilations and the most authoritative book after the Qur'an.

Biography

Early life

He was born in 810/194 in the city of Bukhara, in what is today Uzbekistan. His father, Ismail Ibn Ibrahim, was a known hadith scholar who died while he was young.

The historian, al-Dhahabi described his early academic life:

"He began studying hadith in the year 205. He memorized the works of [‘Abdullah] ibn al-Mubaarak while still a child. He was raised an orphan. He traveled with his mother and brother in the year 210 after having heard the narrations of his region. He began authoring books and narrating hadith while still an adolescent. He said, “When I turned eighteen years old, I began writing about the Companions and the Followers and their statements. This was during the time of ‘Ubaid Allah ibn Musa (one of his teachers). At that time I also authored a book of history at the grave of the Prophet at night during a full moon.”[2]

Travels

At age of sixteen, he, together with his brother and widowed mother made the pilgrimage to Makkah. From there he made a series of travels in order to increase his knowledge of hadith. He went through all the important centres of Islamic learning of his time, talked to scholars and exchanged information on hadith. It is said that he heard from over 1,000 men, and learned over 600,000 traditions, both authentic and rejected ones.

After sixteen years' absence he returned to Bukhara, and there drew up his al-Jami' al-Sahih, a collection of 7,275 tested traditions, arranged in chapters so as to afford bases for a complete system of jurisprudence without the use of speculative law.

His book is highly regarded among Sunni Muslims, and considered the most authentic collection of hadith (a minority of Sunni scholars consider Sahih Muslim, compiled by Bukhari's student Imam Muslim, more authentic). Most Sunni scholars consider it second only to the Qur'an in terms of authenticity. He also composed other books, including al-Adab al-Mufrad, which is a collection of hadiths on ethics and manners, as well as two books containing biographies of hadith narrators (see isnad). It is said that his collection of hadith became sort of an obsession of his. He used all of his money to travel, and never became wealthy.

Last years

In the year 864/250, he settled in Nishapur. It was in Neyshabour that he met Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj. He would be considered his student, and eventually collector and organiser of hadith collection Sahih Muslim which is considered second only to that of al-Bukhari. Political problems led him to move to Khartank, a village near Bukhara where he died in the year 870/256

School of thought

Ibn Taymiyyah was asked whether Bukhari was qualified to deduce his own conditions in jurisprudence, not blindly following any of the Imams, or was he a blind follower. He responded that Bukhari was "an imam in jurisprudence, from those capable of deducing his own rulings, min ahl al-ijtihad."[3]
His theological position was conservative. He is recorded as being both anti-Mu'tazili and anti-Shi'ite. One source says that Bukhari once stated:

“I don’t see any difference between praying Salah behind a Jahmi or a Rafidhi and a Christian or a Jew. They (Mu'tazili/Shia's) are not to be greeted, nor are they to be visited, nor are they to be married, nor is their testimony to be accepted, nor are their sacrifices to be eaten.”[4]

Imam Al Bukhari memorial complex near Samarkand, Uzbekistan

Цитата:
Translated from the original Arabic into English, provides a vivid insight into the moral conduct of the early Muslims in a society led by the perfect character of the Prophet Muhammad, pbuh (’I was only sent to perfect good character.) The Prophet’s Companions represent excellent examples of men of vigorous moral stature whose conduct inspired and attracted the masses to the fold of Islam wherever they went during the expansion of Muslim territories, and contrary to the stereotypic portrayal, in the West, of Islam as being spread by the sword. The Prophet’s words are as relevant today as they were fourteen hundred years ago. This unique collection of 1322 ahadith and athar is one of the earliest and most authentic works on Islamic etiquette and the Islamic way of life. Not only are they practical and inspiring, they also fulfil a desperate need for authoritative guide on morality and spirituality for Muslims living in a modern, secular society, where the line between right and wrong is increasingly blurred. This book is an essential cornerstone of Islamic morality and is suitable for the general reader and the academic alike. Its author, Imam Bukhari (194-256AH / 810 – 870 CE) is the most celebrated figure in Islamic literary history. “Al-Adab Al-Mufrad” is an absolutely essential addition to every Islamic library.

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