Bailey H.W. Dictionary of Khotan Saka

Цитата:

Harold Walter Bailey

Sir Harold Walter Bailey (16 December 1899 – 11 January 1996), who published as H. W. Bailey, was an eminent English scholar of Khotanese, Sanskrit, and the comparative study of Iranian languages.

Bailey was born in Devizes, Wiltshire, and raised from age 10 onwards on a farm in Western Australia without formal education. While growing up, he learned German, Italian, Spanish, Latin, and Greek from household books, and Russian from a neighbour. After he grew interested in the lettering on tea-chests from India, he acquired a book of Bible selections translated into languages with non-European scripts, including Tamil, Arabic, and Japanese. By the time he had left home, he was reading Avestan as well.

In 1921 he entered the University of Western Australia to study classics. In 1927, after completing his master's degree on Euripides, he won a Hackett Studentship to Oxford where he joined the Delegacy of Non-Collegiate Students, later St Catherine's College. After graduating with first class honours in 1929, he was appointed as Parsee Community Lecturer in the then London School of Oriental Studies. That same year he began his doctoral dissertation, a translation with notes of the Greater Bundahisn, a compendium of Zoroastrian writings in Middle Persian recorded in the Pahlavi script. In 1937 he became Chair of Sanskrit and a Fellow at Queens' College, Cambridge and was succeeded at SOAS by W. B. Henning. He retired in 1967.

Bailey has been described as one of the greatest Orientalists of the twentieth century. He was said to read more than 50 languages, and was the world's leading expert in Khotanese, the mediaeval Iranian language of the kingdom of Khotan in Chinese Turkestan. He was known for his immensely erudite lectures, and once confessed: "I have talked for ten and a half hours on the problem of one word without approaching the further problem of its meaning." After his death, he left his enormous library to the Ancient India and Iran Trust in Cambridge.

Bailey was elected a Fellow of the British Academy in 1944, and subsequently a member of the Danish, Norwegian and Swedish Academies. He received honorary degrees from four universities including Oxford; served as president of Philological Society, the Royal Asiatic Society, the Society for Afghan Studies, and the Society of Mithraic Studies; and chaired the Anglo-Iranian Society and Ancient India and Iran Trust. He was knighted for services to Oriental studies in 1960.

Selected works

Codices khotanenses, Copenhagen : Levin & Munksgaard, 1938.
Zoroastrian problems in the ninth-century books, Oxford : The Clarendon press, 1943.
Khotanese texts, Cambridge : The University Press, 1945
Khotanese Buddhist texts, London : Taylor's Foreign Press, 1951.
Sad-dharma-puṇḍarīka-sūtra [the summary in Khotan Saka by], Canberra : Australian National University, Faculty of Asian Studies, 1971.
Dictionary of Khotan Saka. Cambridge University Press. 1979. 1st Paperback edition 2010. ISBN 978-0-521-14250-2.
The culture of the Sakas in ancient Iranian Khotan, Delmar, N.Y. : Caravan Books, 1982.

Цитата:
The Cambridge University Press published (1945-1967) in six volumes Professor Bailey's transcriptions of Saka manuscripts found in Sin Kiang and Kansu (of the ancient kingdom of Khotan). They are central to any study of Old Iranian and the Iranian dialects; and they are also important for further understanding of the religious tradition in the sacred Avesta of the Zoroastrians, and for the history of the peoples of Central Asia generally. This 1979 dictionary represents the fulfilment of a plan formed in 1934 which required first the editing and transcription of the manuscripts, and then the slow elucidation of the whole corpus of texts. It contains a linguistic analysis and translation of all the Iranian words used in the texts. It is the necessary key to the understanding of the texts, to the mastery of the language itself, and to the linking of Khotan Saka into the Indo-European linguistic tradition.

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