Mirkhond - The Rauzat-us-safa - 1891

Цитата:
Mirkhond or Muhammad Bin Khavendshah Bin Mahmud or Muhammad ibn Khawand Shah ibn Mahmud (1433-1498), commonly called Mirkhwond or Mirkhwand, but more familiar to Europeans under the name of Mirkhond, was born in 1433 in Bokhara, present-day Uzbekistan, the son of a very pious and learned man, Sayyid Barhanu ibn Khawand Shah. Mirkhond, although belonging to an old Bokhara family of Sayyids, or direct descendants of the Prophet, grew up and died in Balkh. From his early youth he applied himself to historical studies and literature in general.[1]

In Herat, Afghanistan, where Mirkhond spent the greater part of his life, he gained the favor of that famous patron of letters, Mir Ali-Shir Nava'i (1440-1501), who served his old schoolfellow, the reigning sultan Husayn Bayqarah (who as the last of the Timurids in Persia ascended the throne of Herat in 1469), first as keeper of the seal, afterwards as governor of Jurjan. At the request of Mir Ali-Shir, himself a distinguished statesman and writer, Mirkhond began about 1474, in the quiet convent of Khilashyah, which his patron had founded in Herat as a house of retreat for literary men of merit, his great work on universal history, Rauzât-us-safâ or Garden of Purity. He made little attempt at a critical examination of historical traditions, and wrote in a flowery and often bombastic style, but in spite of this drawback, Mirkhond's Rauzât remains one of the most marvelous achievements in literature.[1] It comprises seven large volumes and a geographical appendix; but the seventh volume, the history of the sultan Husayn (1438-1506), together with a short account of some later events down to 1523, cannot have been written by Mirkhond himself, who died in 1498. He may have compiled the preface, but the main portion of this volume is probably the work of his grandson, the historian Khwandamir (1475-1534), to whom also a part of the appendix must be ascribed.

Цитата:

Rauza-tus-Safa

Rauza-tus-Safa fi Sirat-ul-Ambia wal Muluk wal Khulafa (The Gardens of Purity concerning the biography of the Prophets and Kings and Caliphs), (sometimes Rawdat al-Safa from the Arabic version) is a book about the origins of Islam, early Islamic history and Persian history by Muhammad ibn Khawand Shah ibn Mahmud, an historian also known as Khawand bin Badshah and simply Mirkhond. It was originally published in Persian in seven volumes, having been completed in the year 1497 C.E. (836 A.H.).[1] The work is very scholarly, ibn Khawand used nineteen major Arabic histories and twenty-two major Persian ones as well as others which he occasionally quotes.[2] His work was the basis for many subsequent histories including the works of Haji Khalfa.[2]

The Rauza-tus-Safa ought not to be confused with the Rauza-tul-Albabfi Ta-arikh-i-Akabir-wal Ansab (The Garden of the Learned in the History of Great Men and Genealogies) by Abu Suleman Daud bin Abul Fatal Muhammad Albenaketi which was published earlier, in 1317 C.E. (717 AH.).

In the West

About 1596 Pedro Teixeira prepared a Spanish translation of the Rauza-tus-Safa.[3] The book was partially translated into English in 1715[4], into Latin in 1782[5], and into French in 1793[6]. It was fully republished in Persian in 1852 AD, in Bombay. From 1891 to 1894, a translation of the first three volumes into English was prepared by Edward Rehatsek and edited by Forster Fitzgerald Arbuthnot for the Royal Asiatic Society.[7] Volume 2 (The life of Muhammad) was translated into English in 1983 by Mubarik Ali Shah Jilani Hashmi (Mubarak Ali Gilani).[8]

Of particular interest to Christian scholars is that in Rauza-tus-Safa, ibn Khawand tells the story of Jesus’s travels after a failed crucifixion.[9][10] The Ahmadiyya Muslim Community support some of their beliefs using the Rauza-tus-Safa.[11]

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