The Mulfuzat Timury.Autobiographical memoirs of the Moghul Emperor Timur

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Timur

Timur (Persian: تیمور‎ Timūr, Chagatai: Temür "iron", Turkish: Demir "iron"; 8 April 1336 – 18 February 1405), historically known as Tamerlane in (from Persian: تيمور لنگ‎, Timūr-e Lang, "Timur the Lame"), was a 14th-century conqueror of West, South and Central Asia, and the founder of the Timurid dynasty (1370–1405) in Central Asia, and great-great-grandfather of Babur, the founder of the Mughal Dynasty, which survived as the Mughal Empire in India until 1857.

Timur was in his lifetime a controversial figure, and remains so today. He sought to restore the Mongol Empire, yet his heaviest blow was against the Islamized Tatar Golden Horde. He was more at home in an urban environment than on the steppe. He styled himself a ghazi while conducting wars that severely affected some Muslim states, in particular the Sultanate of Delhi. A great patron of the arts, his campaigns also caused vast destruction.

Timur's generally recognized biographers are Ali Yazdi, commonly called Sharaf ud-Din, author of the Zafarnāmeh (Persian: ظفرنامه‎), translated by Petis de la Croix in 1722, and from French into English by J. Darby in the following year; and Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Abdallah, al-Dimashiqi, al-Ajami (commonly called Ahmad Ibn Arabshah) translated by the Dutch Orientalist Colitis in 1636. In the work of the former, as Sir William Jones remarks, "the Tatarian conqueror is represented as a liberal, benevolent and illustrious prince", in that of the latter he is "deformed and impious, of a low birth and detestable principles." But the favourable account was written under the personal supervision of Timur's grandson, Ibrahim, while the other was the production of his direst enemy.

Among less reputed biographies or materials for biography may be mentioned a second Zafarnāmeh, by Nizam al-Din Shami, stated to be the earliest known history of Timur, and the only one written in his lifetime. Timur's purported autobiography, the Tuzk-e-Taimuri ("Memoirs of Temur") is a later fabrication, although most of the historical facts are accurate.

THE MULFUZĀT TIMŪRY, OR AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIRS OF THE MOGHUL EMPEROR TIMŪR,
WRITTEN IN THE JAGTAY TŪRKY LANGUAGE,
TURNED INTO PERSIAN BY ABU TALIB HUSSYNY, AND TRANSLATED INTO ENGLISH BY
MAJOR CHARLES STEWART, LATE PROFESSOR OF ORIENTAL LANGUAGES
IN THE HONOURABLE EAST INDIA COMPANY’S COLLEGE.

PRINTED FOR THE ORIENTAL TRANSLATION COMMITTEE, AND SOLD BY
J. MURRAY, ALBEMARLE STREET; PARBURY, ALLEN AND CO. LEADENHALL STREET;
AND HOWELL AND STEWART, HOLBORN.1830.

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